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Grade 4 Midterm Study Guide

 

Geography - The study of Earth and the ways people use it.

 

Hemisphere and a continent -

A hemisphere is half of Earth and a continent is a large land area.

 

The region of the United States in which New York is located is the Northeast.

 

If it is raining you are describing precipitation.

 

Climate - the pattern of weather in a region over a long period of time.

 

To heat our homes we depend on oil and natural gas.

 

An example of a nonrenewable resource is oil.

 

New Yorkers can work to protect our natural resources for the future by practicing conservation and recycling.

 

The following helps protect New York’s endangered animals:

·        Banning the use of harmful chemicals.

·        Working hard to protect the environment.

·        Passing special laws to protect the animals.

 

The earliest Americans were hunter-gatherers.

 

One important effect of the formation of the Iroquois League is the different Iroquois groups agreed to live by one set of laws

 

The Iroquois Trail was the main trail connecting Iroquois villages.

 

Slavery in colonial New York:

·        Enslaved women usually did jobs in homes such as cooking and making clothes.

·        Some enslaved men became artisans.

·        Most enslaved people in New York lived in Albany or New York City.

 

New York merchants make money by selling goods to people in other colonies and countries.

 

 

The best way to describe what a child did as an apprentice is that they worked with a more experienced person to learn a skill.

 

 Colonists protested to new British taxes.

 

The difference between a Patriot and a Loyalist is that a Patriot wanted freedom from Britain, while a Loyalist supported British rule.

 

 The purpose of the Declaration of Independence was to declare the colonies free and independent.

 

Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence.

 

The British and the Americans wanted to control New York because it was near the middle of the 13 colonies, and it had many waterways.

 

The Battle of Saratoga an important battle because the Americans stopped the British from capturing New York and showed France that they could win.

 

The American Revolution affected the Iroquois League because many Iroquois were driven out of New York by American soldiers.

 

The Battle of Yorktown was the last major battle of the war, and it was a victory for the Americans.

 

The Bill of Rights states:

·        People accused of crimes have a right to a trial by jury.

·        Citizens cannot be unfairly searched.

·        People have freedom of religion.

 

 

George Washington was the first President of the United States, and he was sworn in in New York City.

Climate and distance from the Equator:

·        Heat energy from the sun in strongest at the equator.

·        The farther a place is from the 4equagtor, the lower the average temperature.

 

Wildlife that can be found in New York

·        Deer, rabbits, wild turkeys, bobcats, and black bears can be found in the forest.

·        In the cities, you can see squirrels and many different kinds of birds.

 

Women and African Americans in the American Revolution

·        Catherine Schuyler set her field of wheat on fire so the British soldiers would not use it for food.

·        Sybil Ludington warned colonists that British troops were approaching.

·        James Forten was one of about 5,000 African American Patriots who fought against the British.

 

The Bill of Rights

·        Among other things, the Bill of Rights promises freedom of religion; trials by jury; protection from search and seizure; protection against the unjust denial of life, liberty, and property; and protection from cruel and unusual punishment.

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New York, The Empire State

·        By 1820, New York had the largest population of any state in the United States.

·        George Washington once said that New York was “the seat of the Empire,” and people began calling New York the “Empire State.”